Техническая литература - скачать книги или читать онлайн. Страница 157

Long awaited, this textbook fills the gap for convincing concepts to describe amorphous solids. Adopting a unique approach, the author develops a framework that lays the foundations for a theory of amorphousness. He unravels the scientific mysteries surrounding the topic, replacing rather vague notions of amorphous materials as disordered crystalline solids with the well-founded concept of ideal amorphous solids. A classification of amorphous materials into inorganic glasses, organic glasses, glassy metallic alloys, and thin films sets the scene for the development of the model of ideal amorphous solids, based on topology- and statistics-governed rules of three-dimensional sphere packing, which leads to structures with no short, mid or long-range order. This general model is then concretized to the description of specific compounds in the four fundamental classes of amorphous solids, as well as amorphous polyethylene and poly(methyl)methacrylate, emphasizing its versatility and descriptive power. Finally, he includes example applications to indicate the abundance of amorphous materials in modern-day technology, thus illustrating the importance of a better understanding of their structure and properties. Equally ideal as supplementary reading in courses on crystallography, mineralogy, solid state physics, and materials science where amorphous materials have played only a minor role until now.

The automotive industry faces many challenges, including increased global competition, the need for higher-performance vehicles, a reduction in costs and tighter environmental and safety requirements. The materials used in automotive engineering play key roles in overcoming these issues: ultimately lighter materials mean lighter vehicles and lower emissions. Composites are being used increasingly in the automotive industry due to their strength, quality and light weight. Advanced Composite Materials for Automotive Applications: Structural Integrity and Crashworthiness provides a comprehensive explanation of how advanced composite materials, including FRPs, reinforced thermoplastics, carbon-based composites and many others, are designed, processed and utilized in vehicles. It includes technical explanations of composite materials in vehicle design and analysis and covers all phases of composite design, modelling, testing and failure analysis. It also sheds light on the performance of existing materials including carbon composites and future developments in automotive material technology which work towards reducing the weight of the vehicle structure. Key features: Chapters written by world-renowned authors and experts in their own fields Includes detailed case studies and examples covering all aspects of composite materials and their application in the automotive industries Unique topic integration between the impact, crash, failure, damage, analysis and modelling of composites Presents the state of the art in composite materials and their application in the automotive industry Integrates theory and practice in the fields of composite materials and automotive engineering Considers energy efficiency and environmental implications Advanced Composite Materials for Automotive Applications: Structural Integrity and Crashworthiness is a comprehensive reference for those working with composite materials in both academia and industry, and is also a useful source of information for those considering using composites in automotive applications in the future.

SIMATIC ist das weltweit etablierte Automatisierungssystem fur die Realisierung von Industriesteuerungen fur Maschinen, fertigungstechnische Anlagen und verfahrenstechnische Prozesse. Erforderliche Steuerungs- und Regelungsaufgaben werden mit der Engineeringsoftware STEP 7 in verschiedenen Programmiersprachen formuliert. Kontaktplan (KOP) und Funktionsplan (FUP) verwenden fur die Darstellung der Steuerungsfunktionen grafische Symbole – ahnlich wie in einem Stromlaufplan oder bei elektronischen Schaltkreissystemen. In der sechsten Auflage beschreibt das Buch diese grafikorientierten Programmiersprachen in Verbindung mit der Engineeringsoftware STEP 7 V5.5 fur die Automatisierungssysteme SIMATIC S7-300 und S7-400. Neue Funktionen dieser STEP 7-Version betreffen besonders den CPU-Webserver und PROFINET IO, wie beispielsweise die Anwendung von I-Devices, Shared Devices und Taktsynchronitat. Das Buch bietet Unterstutzung fur alle Anwender von SIMATIC-S7-Steuerungen. Anfanger fuhrt es in das Gebiet der speicherprogrammierbaren Steuerungen ein, dem Praktiker zeigt es den speziellen Einsatz des Automatisierungssystems SIMATIC S7. Alle Programmierbeispiele des Buches – und noch einige mehr – stehen als Download auf der Internetseite des Verlags unter www.publicis-books.de/ bereit.

Natural language processing (NLP) is a scientific discipline which is found at the interface of computer science, artificial intelligence and cognitive psychology. Providing an overview of international work in this interdisciplinary field, this book gives the reader a panoramic view of both early and current research in NLP. Carefully chosen multilingual examples present the state of the art of a mature field which is in a constant state of evolution. In four chapters, this book presents the fundamental concepts of phonetics and phonology and the two most important applications in the field of speech processing: recognition and synthesis. Also presented are the fundamental concepts of corpus linguistics and the basic concepts of morphology and its NLP applications such as stemming and part of speech tagging. The fundamental notions and the most important syntactic theories are presented, as well as the different approaches to syntactic parsing with reference to cognitive models, algorithms and computer applications.

This book covers a wide range of applications and uses of simulation and modeling techniques in polymer injection molding, filling a noticeable gap in the literature of design, manufacturing, and the use of plastics injection molding. The authors help readers solve problems in the advanced control, simulation, monitoring, and optimization of injection molding processes. The book provides a tool for researchers and engineers to calculate the mold filling, optimization of processing control, and quality estimation before prototype molding.

Comprehensively covers new and existing methods for the design and analysis of composites structures with damage present Provides efficient and accurate approaches for analysing structures with holes and impact damage Introduces a new methodology for fatigue analysis of composites Provides design guidelines, and step by step descriptions of how to apply the methods, along with evaluation of their accuracy and applicability Includes problems and exercises Accompanied by a website hosting lecture slides and solutions

Sensory testing and measurement are the main functions of sensory analysis. In recent years, the sensory and consumer field has evolved to include both difference testing and similarity testing, and new sensory discrimination methods such as the tetrads have received more attention in the literature. This second edition of Sensory Discrimination Tests and Measurements is updated throughout and responds to these changes and includes: A wide range of sensory measurements: Measurements of sensory effect (d', R-index and Gini-index); Measurements of performance of trained sensory panel (Intraclass correlation coefficients and Cronbach?s coefficient alpha); Measurements of relative importance of correlated sensory and consumer attributes (drivers of consumer liking or purchase intent); Measurements of consumer emotions and psychographics; Measurements of time-intensity; Measurements of sensory thresholds; Measurements of sensory risk with negative sensory effects (Benchmark Dose, BMD, methodology) Measurements of sensory shelf life (SSL). A balanced introduction of sensory discrimination tests including difference tests and similarity tests. Bayesian approach to sensory discrimination tests. Modified and multiple-sample discrimination tests. Replicated discrimination tests using the beta-binomial (BB), corrected beta-binomial (CBB), and Dirichlet-multinomial (DM) models. Sensory discrimination methods including the tetrads and the ?M+N?. R and S-Plus codes for all the measurements and tests introduced in the book. Mainly intended for researchers and practitioners in the sensory and consumer field, the book is a useful reference for modern sensory analysis and consumer research, especially for sensometrics.

There is increasing interest in the potential of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and MAV (Micro Air Vehicle) technology and their wide ranging applications including defence missions, reconnaissance and surveillance, border patrol, disaster zone assessment and atmospheric research. High investment levels from the military sector globally is driving research and development and increasing the viability of autonomous platforms as replacements for the remotely piloted vehicles more commonly in use. UAV/UAS pose a number of new challenges, with the autonomy and in particular collision avoidance, detect and avoid, or sense and avoid, as the most challenging one, involving both regulatory and technical issues. Sense and Avoid in UAS: Research and Applications covers the problem of detect, sense and avoid in UAS (Unmanned Aircraft Systems) in depth and combines the theoretical and application results by leading academics and researchers from industry and academia. Key features: Presents a holistic view of the sense and avoid problem in the wider application of autonomous systems Includes information on human factors, regulatory issues and navigation, control, aerodynamics and physics aspects of the sense and avoid problem in UAS Provides professional, scientific and reliable content that is easy to understand, and Includes contributions from leading engineers and researchers in the field Sense and Avoid in UAS: Research and Applications is an invaluable source of original and specialised information. It acts as a reference manual for practising engineers and advanced theoretical researchers and also forms a useful resource for younger engineers and postgraduate students. With its credible sources and thorough review process, Sense and Avoid in UAS: Research and Applications provides a reliable source of information in an area that is fast expanding but scarcely covered.

In this comprehensive yet compact monograph, Michel W. Barsoum, one of the pioneers in the field and the leading figure in MAX phase research, summarizes and explains, from both an experimental and a theoretical viewpoint, all the features that are necessary to understand and apply these new materials. The book covers elastic, electrical, thermal, chemical and mechanical properties in different temperature regimes. By bringing together, in a unifi ed, self-contained manner, all the information on MAX phases hitherto only found scattered in the journal literature, this one-stop resource offers researchers and developers alike an insight into these fascinating materials.

Die speicherprogrammierbare Steuerung (SPS) SIMATIC S7-1500 setzt Ma?stabe in Leistung und Produktivitat. Der Controller gewahrleistet mit seiner Systemperformance und mit PROFINET als Standard-Interface kurze Systemreaktionszeiten bei hoher Flexibilitat fur Aufgaben in der gesamten Produktionsautomatisierung und bei Applikationen fur mittelgro?e bis zu High-End-Maschinen. Die Engineeringsoftware STEP 7 Professional bietet mit TIA Portal eine Benutzeroberflache, die auf intuitive Bedienung abgestimmt ist. Die Funktionalitat umfasst alle Belange der Automatisierung, von der Konfiguration der Controller uber die Programmierung in den IEC-Sprachen KOP, FUP, SCL und AWL bis zum Programmtest. Das Buch beschreibt die Hardware-Komponenten des Automatisierungssystems S7-1500, seine Konfiguration und Parametrierung. Eine fundierte Einfuhrung in STEP 7 Professional veranschaulicht die Grundlagen der Programmierung und Storungssuche. Einsteigern vermittelt es die Grundlagen der Automatisierungstechnik mit SIMATIC S7-1500, Umsteiger von anderen SIMATIC-Steuerungen erhalten die dafur erforderlichen Kenntnisse. Inhalt Einfuhrung in STEP 7 Professional V14 und in die Projektbearbeitung von SIMATIC-Projekten. Hardware-Komponenten des Automatisiereungssystems S7-1500. Geratekonfiguration und Netzprojektierung. Variablen, Addressierung und Datentypen. Betriebszustande und Bearbeitung des Anwenderprogramms. Programmieren in KOP, FUP, SCL und AWL. Ablaufsteuerung S7-GRAPH. Online-Betrieb, Diagnose und Programmtest. Dezentrale Peripherie. Kommunikation uber Industrial Ethernet. Anhang: Webserver, Technologieobjekte, Datenprotokollierung, Simulation.

Filling the need for a book bridging the effect of matter on X-ray radiation and the interaction of x-rays with plasmas, this monograph provides comprehensive coverage of the topic. As such, it presents and explains such powerful new X-ray sources as X-ray free-electron lasers, as well as short pulse interactions with solids, clusters, molecules, and plasmas, and X-ray matter interactions as a diagnostic tool. Equally useful for researchers and practitioners working in the field.

Provides an introduction to energy systems going on to describe various forms of energy sources Provides a comprehensive and a fundamental approach to the study of sustainable fuel conversion for the generation of electricity and for coproducing synthetic fuels and chemicals Covers the underlying principles of physics and their application to engineering including thermodynamics of combustion and power cycles, fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer Details the coproduction of fuels and chemicals including key equipment used in synthesis and specific examples of coproduction in integrated gasification combined cycles are presented Presents an introduction to renewables and nuclear energy, including a section on electrical grid stability and is included due to the synergy of these energy plants with fossil-fueled plants