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Thoroughly revised and expanded to help readers systematically increase their knowledge and insight about Sigma-Delta Modulators Sigma-Delta Modulators (SDMs) have become one of the best choices for the implementation of analog/digital interfaces of electronic systems integrated in CMOS technologies. Compared to other kinds of Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs), Σ∆Ms cover one of the widest conversion regions of the resolution-versus-bandwidth plane, being the most efficient solution to digitize signals in an increasingly number of applications, which span from high-resolution low-bandwidth digital audio, sensor interfaces, and instrumentation, to ultra-low power biomedical systems and medium-resolution broadband wireless communications. Following the spirit of its first edition, Sigma-Delta Converters: Practical Design Guide, 2nd Edition takes a comprehensive look at SDMs, their diverse types of architectures, circuit techniques, analysis synthesis methods, and CAD tools, as well as their practical design considerations. It compiles and updates the current research reported on the topic, and explains the multiple trade-offs involved in the whole design flow of Sigma-Delta Modulators—from specifications to chip implementation and characterization. The book follows a top-down approach in order to provide readers with the necessary understanding about recent advances, trends, and challenges in state-of-the-art Σ∆Ms. It makes more emphasis on two key points, which were not treated so deeply in the first edition: It includes a more detailed explanation of Σ∆Ms implemented using Continuous-Time (CT) circuits, going from system-level synthesis to practical circuit limitations. It provides more practical case studies and applications, as well as a deeper description of the synthesis methodologies and CAD tools employed in the design of Σ∆ converters. Sigma-Delta Converters: Practical Design Guide, 2nd Edition serves as an excellent textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering as well as design engineers working on SD data-converters, who are looking for a uniform and self-contained reference in this hot topic. With this goal in mind, and based on the feedback received from readers, the contents have been revised and structured to make this new edition a unique monograph written in a didactical, pedagogical, and intuitive style.

This book is an all-in-one resource on the development and application of variable frequency transformers to power systems and smart grids. It introduces the main technical issues of variable frequency transformers (VFT) systematically, including its basic construction, theory equations, and simulation models. Readers will then gain an in-depth discussion of its control system, operation performance, low frequency power oscillation, and technical economics, before proceeding to practical implementation and future developments. The related concepts of energy revolution, third generation grids, and power system interconnection are discussed as well. The first, comprehensive introduction to variable frequency transformers (VFT) An in-depth look at the construction of VFT, with simulations and applications Demonstrates how to assess the control system and overall system performance Analyses future developments, energy revolution and power system interconnections Variable Frequency Transformers for Large Scale Power Systems is a timely overview of the state of the art for VFT as it is increasingly adopted in smart grids. It is intended for engineers and researchers specializing in power system planning and operation, as well as advanced students and industry professionals of power engineering.

A clear illustration of the important role of aquaculture in supporting food security, livelihoods, and economic development around the world This new edition of Aquaculture: Farming Aquatic Animals and Plants covers important aspects of the culture of fish, shellfish, and algae in freshwater and marine environments. Subject areas covered include principles of aquaculture, water quality, environmental impacts of aquaculture, desert aquaculture, reproduction, life cycles and growth, genetics and stock improvement, nutrition and feed production, diseases, vaccination, post-harvest technology, economics and marketing, and future developments of aquaculture. Separate chapters also cover the culture of algae, carps, salmonids, tilapias, catfish, marine and brackish fishes, soft-shelled turtles, barramundi, marine shrimp, mitten crabs, and other decapod crustaceans, bivalves, gastropods, and ornamental species. This edition also provides greater coverage of aquaculture in China, reflecting the country’s importance in the global scene. Providing core scientific and commercially useful information, and written by 35 eminent international authors, this expanded and fully updated Third Edition of Aquaculture is essential reading for all students and professionals studying and working in aquaculture. Fish farmers, hatchery managers, and those in aquaculture support and supply industries, such as feed manufacturing, will find an abundance of commercially useful information within this important and now established book. Describes the multitude of developments that have occurred within the aquaculture field over the last 15 years Includes a major revision of production statistics and trends, discussion of technical developments, and revised and extended coverage provided by broader international authorship Brings together 35 internationally recognized contributors, including a number of new contributors Aquaculture: Farming Aquatic Animals and Plants, Third Edition is a recommended text for students of the subject and a concise reference for those working in or entering into the industry.

Updated new edition covering all aspects of network planning and optimization This welcome new edition provides comprehensive coverage of all aspects of network planning in all the technologies, from 2G to 5G, in radio, transmission and core aspects. Written by leading experts in the field, it serves as a handbook for anyone engaged in the study, design, deployment and business of cellular networks. It increases basic understanding of the currently deployed, and emerging, technologies, and helps to make evolution plans for future networks. The book also provides an overview of the forthcoming technologies that are expected to make an impact in the future, such as 5G. Fundamentals of Cellular Network Planning and Optimization, Second Edition encompasses all the technologies as well as the planning and implementation details that go with them. It covers 2G (GSM, EGPRS), 3G (WCDMA) and 4G (LTE) networks and introduces 5G. The book also looks at all the sub-systems of the network, focusing on both the practical and theoretical issues. Provides comprehensive coverage of the planning aspects of the full range of today's mobile network systems, covering radio access network, circuit and packet switching, signaling, control, and backhaul/Core transmission networks New elements in book include HSPA, Ethernet, 4G/LTE and 5G Covers areas such as Virtualization, IoT, Artificial Intelligence, Spectrum Management and Cloud By bringing all these concepts under one cover, Fundamentals of Cellular Network Planning and Optimization becomes essential reading for network design engineers working with cellular service vendors or operators, experts/scientists working on end-to-end issues, and undergraduate/post-graduate students.

This book provides an introduction to the theory and design of composite structures of steel and concrete. Material applicable to both buildings and bridges is included, with more detailed information relating to structures for buildings. Throughout, the design methods are illustrated by calculations in accordance with the Eurocode for composite structures, EN 1994, Part 1-1, ‘General rules and rules for buildings’ and Part 1-2, ‘Structural fire design’, and their cross-references to ENs 1990 to 1993. The methods are stated and explained, so that no reference to Eurocodes is needed. The use of Eurocodes has been required in the UK since 2010 for building and bridge structures that are publicly funded. Their first major revision began in 2015, with the new versions due in the early 2020s. Both authors are involved in the work on Eurocode 4. They explain the expected additions and changes, and their effect in the worked examples for a multi-storey framed structure for a building, including resistance to fire. The book will be of interest to undergraduate and postgraduate students, their lecturers and supervisors, and to practising engineers seeking familiarity with composite structures, the Eurocodes, and their ongoing revision.

An authoritative, well-established, comprehensive, practical, and highly illustrated guide to construction practice Based mainly on domestic and residential buildings—and filled with extensive illustrations throughout—this concise text is the ideal introduction to the subject of building construction. It provides the basic material that readers need in order to understand the construction process for the majority of low rise buildings. The book explains construction technology through the key functional and performance requirements for the main elements common to all buildings. With a strong focus on building efficiency and meeting the challenges posed by limiting the environmental impact of buildings, and new “at a glance” summaries allowing you to grasp the salient points of each chapter, readers will find the text fully up to date with the latest building regulations and construction technology. Barry’s Introduction to Construction of Buildings, Fourth Edition starts by taking an in-depth look at the construction process and general principles of construction. It then offers comprehensive chapter coverage of site analysis, set-up, drainage and scaffolding; ground stability and foundations; floors, walls, doors, windows, roofs, stairs, and ramps; surface finishes; internal environment and energy supply; and water supply and sanitation. Deals with design, technology, site assembly, and environmental issues of domestic and residential buildings Thoroughly updated, with particular attention paid to the concept of building efficiency and improved integration of the topics covered to match current student needs New “at a glance” summaries at the beginning of each chapter A companion to Barry's Advanced Construction of Buildings, Fourth Edition Barry’s Introduction to Construction of Buildings is an excellent source of information for undergraduate students and those working towards similar NQF level 5 and 6 qualifications in building and construction.

Dieses Buch beschreibt die Hardware-Komponenten des Automatisierungssystems SIMATIC S7-300, seine Konfiguration und Parametrierung. Eine fundierte Einführung in STEP 7 Professional veranschaulicht die Grundlagen der Programmierung mit KOP, FUP, AWL und SCL und die Programmflusssteuerung mit S7-GRAPH. Nach einer ausführlichen Beschreibung der Programmfunktionen folgt eine Einführung in Online-Betrieb und Programmtest. Abgerundet wird das Buch durch die Projektierung der dezentralen Peripherie mit PROFIBUS DP und PROFINET IO und den Datenaustausch über Industrial Ethernet. Inhalt Einführung in STEP 7 Professional V15 (TIA Portal) und in die Projektbearbeitung Hardware-Komponenten der S7-300 Gerätekonfiguration und Netzprojektierung Variablen, Adressierung und Datentypen Programmeditor Programmieren in KOP, FUP, AWL und SCL Ablaufsteuerung S7-GRAPH Beschreibung der Programmfunktionen Online-Betrieb und Programmtest Dezentrale Peripherie und Kommunikation Anhang: Arbeiten mit Quelldateien, Projektmigration, Simulation mit PLCSIM, Webserver, Ablage von lokalen Variablen

Trade magazines and review articles describe MWD in casual terms, e.g., positive versus negative pulsers, continuous wave systems, drilling channel noise and attenuation, in very simple terms absent of technical rigor. However, few truly scientific discussions are available on existing methods, let alone the advances necessary for high-data-rate telemetry. Without a strong foundation building on solid acoustic principles, rigorous mathematics, and of course, fast, inexpensive and efficient testing of mechanical designs, low data rates will impose unacceptable quality issues to real-time formation evaluation for years to come. This all-new revised second edition of an instant classic promises to change all of this. The lead author and M.I.T.-educated scientist, Wilson Chin, has written the only book available that develops mud pulse telemetry from first principles, adapting sound acoustic principles to rigorous signal processing and efficient wind tunnel testing. In fact, the methods and telemetry principles developed in the book were recently adopted by one of the world’s largest industrial corporations in its mission to redefine the face of MWD. The entire engineering history for continuous wave telemetry is covered: anecdotal stories and their fallacies, original hardware problems and their solutions, different noise mechanisms and their signal processing solutions, apparent paradoxes encountered in field tests and simple explanations to complicated questions, and so on, are discussed in complete “tell all” detail for students, research professors and professional engineers alike. These include signal processing algorithms, signal enhancement methods, and highly efficient “short” and “long wind tunnel” test methods, whose results can be dynamically re-scaled to real muds flowing at any speed. A must read for all petroleum engineering professionals!

Учебное пособие разработано доктором химических наук, доцентом кафедры электрохимии Южного федерального университета А. Г. Бережной.

Настоящая книга представляет собой подробное справочное руководство по основным вакуумным плазмохимическим процессам в тонкопленочной технологии – реактивному магнетронному нанесению тонких пленок и ионно-плазменному травлению. В ней обобщено современное состояние этих процессов.

Бионика – молодая наука, родившаяся в 1960 году, – охватывает сегодня широкое поле исследований. Это технологические разработки, заимствующие изобретения природы; автономные роботы, имитирующие животных; гибридизации, где искусственные компоненты служат дополнением к живому организму, или наоборот – живые гибридные компоненты дополняют искусственные системы.

В книге в девяти главах рассматриваются вопросы дифракции и рассеяния радиоволн, исправление угловых спектров локационных радиосигналов от ближайших планет, статистические характеристики освещенных участков случайной поверхности и ряд других прикладных вопросов. Рассматривается работа ВЧ радиолиний в различных ионосферных и географических условиях, рассмотрены вопросы многолучевости, случайных и регулярных девиаций направления прихода сигналов в масштабе Земного шара, работа приэкваториальных и северных радиолиний и ряд других вопросов. В главе о средних волнах рассматриваются вопросы статистических характеристик земной волны в диапазоне НЧ-СЧ, сезонные изменения напряженности поля в дневное время в НЧ-, СЧ-диапазонах, а также выбросы и замирания в ионосферных НЧ-, СЧ-каналах. Подробно рассматривается надежность радиовещания как основной показатель работы радиолиний и систем произвольного назначения. Рассматриваются начальные исследования нелинейных эффектов в ионосфере, давшие толчок к оценке порога повышения мощности излучения, изучается работа антенн, для которых сформулированы несколько теорем об оптимальных антеннах в случайной среде. Рассмотрены особенности работы, достоинства и недостатки цифровых систем радиовещания в полосах частот до 30 МГц, которым, кроме основной главы, уделено также значительное место для анализа в публицистическом изложении этого важного и сложного направления.