3. Alan Greenspan, The Age of Turbulence: Adventures in a New World (New York: Penguin Press, 2007), p. 492.

4. Scott Murtishaw and Lee Schipper, “Disaggregated Analysis of U. S. Energy Consumption in the 1990s: Evidence of the Effects of the Internet and Rapid Economic Growth,” Energy Policy 29, no. 15 (2001) pp. 1335–56.

5. Wen Jiabao, speech, National Teleconference on Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, April 27, 2007.

6. Erica Downs, “China’s Energy Rise,” in China’s Rise in Historical Perspective, ed. Brantly Womack (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2010), p. 181 (Jieneng Jianpai).

7. Wen Jiabao, speech, National Teleconference on Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, April 27, 2007.

8. BBC Worldwide Monitoring, March5, 2010.

9. Joanna I. Lewis, “Decoding China’s Climate and Energy Policy Post-Copenhagen,” German Marshall Fund Policy Brief, June 2010; Hongyan H. Oliver, Kelly Sims Gallagher, Donglian Tian, and Jinhua Zhang, “China’s Fuel Economy Standards for Passenger Vehicles,” Energy Technology Innovation Policy research group, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, March 2009.

10. Allison Hannon, Ying Liu, Jim Walker, Changhua Wu, Delivering Low Carbon Growth: A Guide to China’s 12thFive Year Plan (The Climate Group with HSBC: March, 2011).

11. Neal Elliott and Anna Shipley, “Impacts of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy on Natural Gas Markets,” American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, April 2006, pp. 11, 21.

12. Andrew Liveris, speech, CERAWeek, March11, 2010.

13. Dow Corporation, “Dow Sustainability – Energy Efficiency and Conservation,” at http://www.dow.com/commitments/goals/energy.htm.

14. Andrew Liveris, speech, CERAWeek, March11, 2010; interview with Richard Wells; Andrew Liveris, Wall Street Journal 2008 Eco-Nomics Conference; interview with Andrew Liveris.

15. International Energy Agency, Tracking Industrial Energy Efficiency and CO2 Emissions: In Support of the G-8 Plan of Action (Paris: International Energy Agency, 2007), pp. 19, 34.

16. Jeffery Smisek, speech, CERA Week, March11, 2011; John Heimlich, “The Economic Climbout for US Airlines,” ATA Economics, June 2, 2011, presentation, January 24, 2007 (higher fuel efficiency).

17. U. S. International Air Passenger and Freight Statistics, Federal Communications Commission, 2007 (sharp ascent); David Nielson, chief engineer for Airport Strategy at Boeing, “Boeing’s Contribution to Aviation Sustainability,” Pacific Basin Development Council, August 27, 2007 (By 2026); Jeffery Smisek, speech, CERA Week, March11, 2011.

18. Observer, January 29, 2006 (“negative effects”); Rough Guides, press release, March 1, 2006; Times (London), July 23, 2006; Lonely Planet: Discover Europe (2010), p. 790.

19. Interview with Andris Piebalgs.

1. Chicago Tribune, July 16, 1878 (“Apprehension”).

2. Leon Glicksman, “Energy Efficiency in the Built Environment,” Physics Today 61, no. 7 (2008), p. 2.

3. Gail Cooper, Air-Conditioning America: Engineers and Controlled Environment, 1900–1960 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998), pp. 9–10; Mechanical Engineering, May 2000 (jackets).

4. Claude Wampler, “Dr. Willis H. Carrier: Father of Air Conditioning,” The Newcomen Society of England, 1949; Margaret Ingels, Willis Haviland Carrier: Father of Air Conditioning (Louisville: Fetter Printing Company, 1991), pp. 33–34 (“manufactured weather”).

5. Ingels, Willis Haviland Carrier, pp. 63–79 (Madison Square Garden); “The Milam Building,” American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991 (high-rise); Popular Mechanics, July 1939 (Damascus and Baghdad).

6. New York Times, June 2, 2002.

7. Interview with Leon Glicksman.

8. Gary Simon to author.

9. Interview with Lee Schipper.

10. National Association of Home Builders, Housing Facts, Figures, and Trends, May 2007, p. 13; National Petroleum Council, “Residential Commercial Efficiency,” July 18, 2007, p. 12.

11. Jone-Lin Wang, “Why Are We Using More Electricity?” Wall Street Journal, March10, 2010 (“gadgiwatts”); The Climate Group, “Smart 2020: Enabling the Low Carbon Economy in the Information Age,” 2008 (120 million); G. I. Meijer, “Cooling Energy-Hungry Data Centers,” Science 328, no. 5976 (2010), pp. 318–19.

12. Lawrence Makovich, “Meeting the Power Conservation Investment Challenge,” IHS CERA, 2007 (“conservation gap”); World Economic Forum and IHS CERA, Energy Vision Update 2010: Towards a More Energy Efficient World, 2010, p. 4 (“investment grade”).

13. Interview with George Caraghiaur.

14. Glicksman, “Energy Efficiency in the Built Environment,” pp. 3–6 (“high-tech versions”); interview with Leon Glicksman; U. S. Green Buildings Council Web site, http://www.usgbc.org.

15. Interview with Naohiro Amaya.

16. Interview with Yoriko Kawaguchi.

17. Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Top Runner Program, rev. ed., March 2010, at http://www.enecho.meti.go.jp/policy/saveenergy/toprunner2010.03en.pdf.

18. Kateri Callahan, “Building the Infrastructure for Energy Efficiency,” in World Economic Forum and IHS CERA, Energy Vision Update 2010: Towards a More Energy Efficient World, 2010, p. 24 (“public policy support”); James Rogers, speech, CERAWeek, February 15 2008.

19. IHS CERA, Smart Grid: Closing the Gap Between Perception and Reality (2010); Brookings Institution Center for Technology and Innovation, “Smart Grid Future: Evaluating Policy Opportunities and Challenges after the Recovery Act,” forum, July 14, 2010.

20. Scientific American, August 13, 2008.

21. Sewart Baker, Natalie Filipiak, and Katrina Timlin, “In the Dark: Crucial Industries Confront Cyberattacks,” (CSIS and McAfee: 2011).

1. Henry Ford and Samuel Crowther, My Life and Work (Garden City: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1923), pp. 188–200; Henry Ford, “Automobiles and Soybeans: An Interview with Arthur van Vlissingen, Jr.,” Rotarian, September 1933.

2. Bernton, Kovarik, and Sklar, The Forbidden Fuel, pp. 1–13 (“wonderfully clean-burning,” “rapidly depleted,” “direct route,” “potential speakeasy”); Reynold Wik, Henry Ford and Grass-roots America (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1973), p. 249 (secretary).

3. Washington Post, October 13, 1977 (Birch Bayh); Fortune, October 1, 1990.

4. Steve Coll, Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001 (New York: Penguin Press, 2004), pp. 46–52; Jimmy Carter, White House Diary (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010), p. 382 (“sharpest message”); Jimmy Carter, Address to the Nation, January 4, 1980.

5. New York Times, January 7, 1980 (Warren Christopher); Bernton, Kovarik, and Sklar, The Forbidden Fuel, p. 105 (high scenario); Washington Post, August 3, 1986 (“very inefficient”).

6. Interview with Richard Lugar; Brent D. Yacobucci, “Fuel Ethanol: Background and Public Policy Issues,” Congressional Research Service, March3, 2006 (E10); Richard G. Lugar and R. James Woolsey, “The New Petroleum,” Foreign Affairs 78, no. 1 (1999), pp. 88–102 (mandatory targets).

7. The New York Times, November 7, 2005 (“good old-fashioned”); “President Bush and President Lula Discuss Biofuel Technology,” White House, March 9, 2007 (“truly obsessed,” “couldn’t have lunch”); George W. Bush, State of the Union Address, January 31, 2006 (“addicted to oil”); “Bush, da Silva Deliver Joint Remarks,” CNN, November 6, 2005; Wall Street Journal, August 9, 2006 (“kind of startled”).